- (A) One million
- (B) Two million
- (C) Four million
- (D) ½ million
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- (A) Cardiac failure
- (B) Low Na+ in proximal tubule
- (C) Sympathetic stimulation
- (D) High Na+ in proximal tubule
- (A) K+
- (B) Na+
- (C) Glucose
- (D) NH4+
- (A) Na is absorbed actively in descending loop of Henle
- (B) 60 to 70% of GFR is absorbed in proximal tubule
- (C) Absorption of water occurs in ascending loop of Henle
- (D) The filtrate reaching distal convoluted tubule is hypertonic with respect to surroundings
- (A) Creatinine indicates glomerular filtration rate
- (B) Inulin is lower than that of urea
- (C) Chloride increases after in injection of aldosterone
- (D) PAH continues to rise as the plasma concentration of PAH increases
- (A) Combining H+ with Cl- to form Hcl
- (B) Combining H+ and HCO3- via enzyme carbonic anhydrase
- (C) Trapping H+ by acetate
- (D) Trapping H+ by NH3+
- (A) PCT
- (B) DCT
- (C) Afferent arteriole
- (D) Efferent arteriole
- (A) Mannitol
- (B) Glycerol
- (C) Urea
- (D) All of the above
- (A) Proximal tubule
- (B) Loop of Henle
- (C) Vasa recta
- (D) Collecting tubule
- (A) Henle’s loop
- (B) Distal tubule
- (C) Proximal tubule
- (D) Collecting duct

